I've recently posted quite a bit about my trip to the Casino Royale 60th Anniversary Exhibition at the University of Illinois. One of the exhibits is a detailed facsimile of the original first manuscript page of Fleming's novel, in which the first line was originally "Scent and smoke and sweat hit the taste-buds with an acid thwack at three o'clock in the morning." That part is fairly well known, but as I was examinng my photo of the page, my attention drifted down a little further.
There, in the middle of what was to have been the manuscript's fifth paragraph was its first reference to the villain: "Baum was still playing and still, apparently, winning." The name "Baum" was crossed out in pencil and "The Number" written above it in Fleming's handwriting. That, in turn, was crossed out in ink and the name "Le Chiffre" substituted.
The exhibition did not feature subsequent manuscript pages, so I am unable to tell how far the references to the other names carried on. Fleming would return to the name Baum as the heroine of the short story "Risico." Perhaps he felt the name too close to "Bond" to be featured prominently in the initial novel.
Still, I am left to wonder -- was the villain of Casino Royale originally to be named Baum?