I don't know why GOLDFINGER is so popular. Perhaps it has all the elements of a superficial action film that does not get too deep into the characters or allow the moviegoers to think. And perhaps it established certain elements in the Bond franchise that remained in use for so long.
I don't believe that it had one of the best scripts in the Bond franchise. Actually, I believe the opposite. I found it shallow and filled with certain plotholes that left me shaking my head. But in its favor, GOLDFINGER does have a memorable score by John Barry, a great song performed by Shirley Bassey, a memorable scene featuring Shirley Eaton's gold-painted body, Gert Frobe and Honor Blackman.
Your criticism is right on, as are your compliments. Seems to me the compliments outweigh. I wasn't born until 1985, but GF/FRWL alternate daily for the title of my "favourite." In brief:
The elements within Goldfinger are so absolutely, perfectly awesome - that in any other case where such things would overshadow a mediocre final product, they actually manage to uplift it.
Totally some plotholes in the story. But it moves with such pace and cleverness (on the back of, by far, the series' best dialogue) that you can hardly criticize it.
Barry's score is perfect.
The direction is phenomenal, especially Hamilton's contribution to the film's ironic sense of humour.
The design takes what are otherwise some boring ideas and locations, and turns them into some of the most brilliant designs in the series. And when it has a chance to do something spectacular (IE Goldfinger's jet, Fort Knox), it REALLY lives up to its billing.
I often joke that Goldfinger is a case study in how to poorly write Bond's character. He has no motivation (outside of Goldfinger's killing of Jill sort of 'irking' him), and spends the second half of the film CAPTURED. And yet I simply don't care.
The movie as a final product is, to me, just such a perfect amalgam of all its elements connected by Hamilton's otherwise perfectly tonal direction. That's the best way I can think of it. I see it for its flaws, but I simply don't care.